What makes a business expense deductible?

Generally, deductible business expenses are those 'wholly and exclusively incurred in the production of income'. In other words, they must satisfy all these conditions:

  • The expenses are solely incurred in the production of income.
  • The expenses must be incurred. It is considered incurred when the legal liability to pay arises, regardless of whether the actual payment has been made.
  • The expenses are revenue in nature, and not capital expenses. Revenue expenses are generally costs incurred in the day-to-day operations of a business to generate revenue (such as salaries, rent, and utilities), while capital expenses are investments in the business that are expected to provide long-term benefits (such as acquisition of fixed assets).
  • The expenses are not prohibited from deduction under the Income Tax Act 1947.

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